MacArthur Causeway Downtown and South Beach 1920, Perez Art Museum in Downtown Miami, Panther Hall 1996 Water is the dominant force in the Everglades shaping the land vegetation and animal life in South Florida Starting at the last glacial maximum 21,000 years ago continental ice sheets retreated and sea levels rose This submerged portions of the Florida peninsula and caused the water table to rise Fresh water saturated the limestone that underlies the Everglades eroding some of it away and created springs and sinkholes the abundance of fresh water allowed new vegetation to take root and formed convective thunderstorms over the land through evaporation. This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it (July 2011), Initial attempts at developing agriculture near Lake Okeechobee were successful but the nutrients in the peat were rapidly removed In a process called soil subsidence oxidation of peat causes loss of volume Bacteria decompose dead sawgrass slowly underwater without oxygen When the water was drained in the 1920s and bacteria interacted with oxygen an aerobic reaction occurred Microorganisms degraded the peat into carbon dioxide and water Some of the peat was burned by settlers to clear the land Some homes built in the areas of early farms had to have their foundations moved to stilts as the peat deteriorated; other areas lost approximately 8 feet (2.4 m) of soil depth, The first bridge across Biscayne Bay was the 2.5-mile (4.0 km) wooden Collins Bridge built in 1912 by John S Collins and his son-in-law Thomas Pancoast who formed the Miami Beach Improvement Corporation; financing was provided by Carl G Fisher and the Miami banker brothers John N Lummus and James E Lummus Construction began on July 22 1912 Although the cost of the project was initially $75,000 the construction project faced delays and cost overruns the budge was partially completed in 1913 the bridge was "hailed as the longest wooden vehicle bridge in the world and opened up the area as a luxury winter resort and playground." the bridge terminated at the Dixie Highway built by Carl G Fisher the bridge was a toll bridge; in 1920 the toll was reduced from 20 cents each way (for two-seat cars) to 15 cents one way (and 25 cents round-trip) the bridge was sold to the Biscayne Bay Improvement Association which developed five artificial islands that became known as the Venetian Islands: Biscayne and San Marco in Miami San Marino Di Lido and Rivo Alto in Miami Beach the bridge was torn down in 1925 and replaced with the "more substantial" Venetian Causeway the next year. Miami Florida Business directory The first post-Reconstruction era Republican elected to Congress from Florida was William C Cramer in 1954 from Pinellas County on the Gulf Coast where demographic changes were underway in this period African Americans were still disenfranchised by the state's constitution and discriminatory practices; in the 19th century they had made up most of the Republican Party Cramer built a different Republican Party in Florida attracting local white conservatives and transplants from northern and midwestern states in 1966 Claude R Kirk Jr was elected as the first post-Reconstruction Republican governor in an upset election in 1968 Edward J Gurney also a white conservative was elected as the state's first post-reconstruction Republican US senator in 1970 Democrats took the governorship and the open US Senate seat and maintained dominance for years. ; . Map displaying a looping line with arrows indicating that water flows eastward in the far Southern ocean angling north east of Australia turning sough after passing Alaska then crossing the mid-Pacific to flow north of Australia continuing west below Africa then turning northwest until reaching eastern Canada then angling east to southern Europe then finally turning south just below Greenland and flowing down the Americas' eastern coast and resuming its flow eastward to complete the circle. . 2.8 Other colleges and schools "Tourism and transportation service performance asset use", Map of Miami in 1955.
; Miami's Freedom Tower Areas with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants 2 Superintendent of schools 9 Environmental issues! Florida has 22 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Forty-three of Florida's 67 counties are in a MSA, Schools nominate representatives for each category a Miami Herald appointed judge paneled interview process in each category only one Silver Knight Award is granted in each county Broward & Dade every year These awards have been given in Miami-Dade County Florida since 1959 and in Broward County Florida since 1984 the televised award ceremonies are given in each county, Central Atlantic Importance of language and cultural studies. . . Opening of the Central Atlantic 200-170 Ma Japan 634,900,000 661,678,484.03 4.49 3.20 The port currently operates eight passenger terminals six gantry cranes wharves seven Ro-Ro (Roll-on-Roll-off) docks four refrigerated yards for containers break bulk cargo warehouses and nine gantry container handling cranes in addition the port tenants operate the cruise and cargo terminals which includes their cargo handling and support equipment.
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