. 13 References Main article: PortMiami, Cities are the "lower tier" of local government providing police and fire protection zoning and code enforcement and other typical city services within their jurisdiction These services are paid for by city taxes the County is the "upper tier" and it provides services of a metropolitan nature such as emergency management airport and seaport operations public housing and health care services transportation environmental services solid waste disposal etc These are funded by county taxes which are assessed on all incorporated and unincorporated areas, 1.4% Jamaican Locally known as Downtown the area is a cultural financial and commercial center of South Florida tracing its present-day history back to the 19th century in recent years Downtown Miami has grown and physically expanded to become the fastest-growing area in Miami with rapid increase in population and the greatest concentration of high-rises in the region Greater Downtown is home to many major museums parks education centers banks company headquarters courthouses government offices theaters shops and many of the oldest buildings in the city. 1.1 European arrival Causeways, There are three species of trees that are considered mangroves: red (Rhizophora mangle) black (Avicennia germinans) and white (Laguncularia racemosa) although all are from different families All grow in oxygen-poor soil can survive drastic water level changes and are tolerant of salt brackish and fresh water All three mangrove species are integral to coastline protection during severe storms Red mangroves have the farthest-reaching roots trapping sediments that help build coastlines after and between storms All three types of trees absorb the energy of waves and storm surges Everglades mangroves also serve as nurseries for crustaceans and fish and rookeries for birds the region supports Tortugas pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) and stone crab (Menippe mercenaria) industries; between 80 and 90 percent of commercially harvested crustacean species in Florida's salt waters are born or spend time near the Everglades, Area Downtown is served by the Miami Metrorail at Historic Overtown/Lyric Theatre Government Center and Brickell stations accessible from Broward and Palm Beach counties via Tri-Rail transfer station the Metro connects to the Downtown Metromover which encompasses 22 stations on the clockwise Inner (or Downtown) loop and counterclockwise Brickell and Omni branch loops Government Center station is Downtown's main station and allows for transfers to all Metromover loops Metrorail trains and Metrobus lines at the Stephen P Clark Government Center.
. As of 2010 those of African ancestry accounted for 16.0% of Florida's population which includes African Americans Out of the 16.0% 4.0% (741,879) were West Indian or Afro-Caribbean American During the early 1900s black people made up nearly half of the state's population in response to segregation disfranchisement and agricultural depression many African Americans migrated from Florida to northern cities in the Great Migration in waves from 1910 to 1940 and again starting in the later 1940s They moved for jobs better education for their children and the chance to vote and participate in society by 1960 the proportion of African Americans in the state had declined to 18% Conversely large numbers of northern whites moved to the state.[citation needed] Today large concentrations of black residents can be found in northern and central Florida Aside from blacks descended from African slaves brought to the southern U.S. there are also large numbers of blacks of West Indian recent African and Afro-Latino immigrant origins especially in the Miami/South Florida area, Exploration 1910 752,619 42.4% The basic structure duties function and operations of the government of the state of Florida are defined and established by the Florida Constitution which establishes the basic law of the state and guarantees various rights and freedoms of the people the state government consists of three separate branches: judicial executive and legislative the legislature enacts bills which if signed by the governor become law, While the railroad's extension to Miami remained unannounced in the spring of 1895 rumors of this possibility continued to multiply fueling real estate activity in the Biscayne Bay area the news of the railroad's extension was officially announced on June 21 1895 in late September the work on the railroad began and settlers began pouring into the promised "freeze proof" lands on October 24 1895 the contract agreed upon by Flagler and Tuttle was approved. Areas with between 10,000 and 100,000 inhabitants Native Americans Shenandoah Middle School for Brickell children.
Turner Nelson H