3.2 Ocean floor The Miami area was better known as "Biscayne Bay Country" in the early years of its growth the few published accounts from that period describe the area as a wilderness that held much promise the area was also characterized as "one of the finest building sites in Florida" After the Great Freeze of 1894 the crops of the Miami area were the only ones in Florida that survived Julia Tuttle a local landowner convinced Henry Flagler a railroad tycoon to expand his Florida East Coast Railway to Miami on July 28 1896 Miami was officially incorporated as a city with a population of just over 300. 1950 495,084 84.9% Downtown/Inner Loop 4.2 Statutes Opa-locka Tri-Rail Geography Glenvar Heights A turning point came for development in the Everglades at the proposal in the late 1960s for an expanded airport after Miami International Airport outgrew its capacities the new jetport was planned to be larger than O'Hare Dulles JFK and LAX airports combined,[citation needed] and the chosen location was 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Everglades National Park the first sentence of the U.S Department of Interior study of the environmental impact of the jetport read "Development of the proposed jetport and its attendant facilities . will inexorably destroy the south Florida ecosystem and thus the Everglades National Park" When studies indicated the proposed jetport would create 4,000,000 US gallons (15,000,000 L) of raw sewage a day and 10,000 short tons (9,100 t) of jet engine pollutants a year the project met staunch opposition the New York Times called it a "blueprint for disaster" and Wisconsin senator Gaylord Nelson wrote to President Richard Nixon voicing his opposition: "It is a test of whether or not we are really committed in this country to protecting our environment." Governor Claude Kirk withdrew his support for the project and Marjory Stoneman Douglas was persuaded at 79 years old to go on tour to give hundreds of speeches against it Nixon instead established Big Cypress National Preserve announcing it in the Special Message to the Congress Outlining the 1972 Environmental Program. Plans are currently underway for a 1,700-student preparatory school in Brickell at 1742 SW 2nd Avenue named "Brickell Preparatory Academy" Other private schools in Downtown are:, A national push for expansion and progress in the United States occurred in the later part of the 19th century which stimulated interest in draining the Everglades for agricultural use According to historians "From the middle of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century the United States went through a period in which wetland removal was not questioned Indeed it was considered the proper thing to do." Draining the Everglades was suggested as early as 1837 and a resolution in Congress was passed in 1842 that prompted Secretary of Treasury Robert J Walker to request those with experience in the Everglades to give their opinion on the possibility of drainage Many officers who had served in the Seminole Wars favored the idea in 1850 Congress passed a law that gave several states wetlands within their state boundaries the Swamp and Overflowed Lands Act ensured that the state would be responsible for funding the attempts at developing wetlands into farmlands Florida quickly formed a committee to consolidate grants to pay for any attempts though the Civil War and Reconstruction halted progress until after 1877. The geographical area of Florida diminished with the establishment of English settlements to the north and French claims to the west the English attacked St Augustine burning the city and its cathedral to the ground several times Spain built the Castillo de San Marcos in 1672 and Fort Matanzas in 1742 to defend Florida's capital city from attacks and to maintain its strategic position in the defense of the Captaincy General of Cuba and the Spanish West Indies. Democratic 600,258 41.65% The City of Miami Fire and Rescue Department operates 4 of its 14 fire stations within the Downtown area Each are listed below, Gate Group's Latin American headquarters Pacific Islander: 0.1% [3,527] Booker T Washington High School founded in 1926.
University rankings See also: Climate of Miami, Importance of international business education, Florida's primary and secondary school systems are administered by the Florida Department of Education School districts are organized within county boundaries Each school district has an elected Board of Education that sets policy budget goals and approves expenditures Management is the responsibility of a Superintendent of schools. 3.6 Student housing Following the 1959 Cuban revolution that unseated Fulgencio Batista and brought Fidel Castro to power most Cubans who were living in Miami returned to Cuba Soon after however many middle class and upper class Cubans moved to Florida en masse with few possessions Some Miamians were upset about this especially the African Americans who believed that the Cuban workers were taking their jobs.[citation needed] in addition the school systems struggled to educate the thousands of Spanish-speaking Cuban children Many Miamians fearing that the Cold War would become World War III left the city while others started building bomb shelters and stocking up on food and bottled water Many of Miami's Cuban refugees realized for the first time that it would be a long time before they would get back to Cuba in 1965 alone 100,000 Cubans packed into the twice daily "freedom flights" from Havana to Miami Most of the exiles settled into the Riverside neighborhood which began to take on the new name of "Little Havana" This area emerged as a predominantly Spanish-speaking community and Spanish speakers elsewhere in the city could conduct most of their daily business in their native tongue By the end of the 1960s more than four hundred thousand Cuban refugees were living in Dade County, Pan Am's terminal at Dinner Key in 1944 during World War II, 954 and 754 Broward County; Flood control The site of the campus was originally used for a general aviation airport called Tamiami Airport (not to be confused with Kendall-Tamiami Airport) which was in operation from the 1940s until 1967 the airport had three runways and was used for pilot training among other purposes Construction on the FIU campus began in 1965 and the airport closed in 1969 At the time very little was located around FIU and the campus was called University Park as Miami grew west the area came to be known as University Park after the university's campus name, See also: 1968 Miami riot, Presidents Several financial scandals involving the Mayor's office and City Commission during the 1980s and 1990s left Miami with the title of the United States' 4th poorest city by 1996 With a budget shortfall of $68 Million and its municipal bonds given a junk bond rating by Wall Street in 1997 Miami became Florida's first city to have a state appointed oversight board assigned to it in the same year city voters rejected a resolution to dissolve the city and make it one entity with Dade County the City's financial problems continued until political outsider Manny Diaz was elected Mayor of Miami in 2001. 2013 Inaugural Poet and Award-Winning Author Collins Bridge the first bridge to connect Miami to Miami Beach; Barry University became a member of the Sunshine State Conference (SSC) in June 1988 and a member of NCAA Division II since 1984 the Buccaneers have won 16 NCAA Division II national championships (women's soccer 1989 1992 1993; volleyball 1995 2001 2004; men's golf 2007 2013 2014; men's tennis 2010 2013 2015; women's tennis 2011 2014 and rowing 2015 2016) and 65 SSC titles the Bucs have produced 309 All-Americans and 361 Scholar All-Americans.
Saeid Badie DDS