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In 1925 the Seaboard Air Line broke the FEC's southeast Florida monopoly and extended its freight and passenger service to West Palm Beach; two years later it extended passenger service to Miami, In 1817 Andrew Jackson invaded Florida to hasten its annexation to the United States in what became known as the First Seminole War After Florida became a U.S territory in 1821 conflicts between settlers and the Seminole increased as the former tried to acquire lands the Second Seminole War lasted from 1835 to 1842 and afterward the US forcibly removed about 3,000 Seminole and 800 Black Seminole to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) west of the Mississippi River Many others died in the war Conflict broke out again in the Third Seminole War from 1855 to 1859 when a few hundred Seminole fought off US forces from the swamps of the Everglades the US finally decided to leave them alone as they could not dislodge them even after this protracted and expensive warfare, In 2018 45,044,312 passengers traveled through the airport making it the 13th busiest airport in the United States and 40th busiest in the world by total passenger traffic It is the 3rd busiest airport in the United States by international passenger traffic MIA is Florida's busiest airport by total aircraft operations and total cargo traffic and its second busiest by total passenger traffic after Orlando International Airport. The first post-Reconstruction era Republican elected to Congress from Florida was William C Cramer in 1954 from Pinellas County on the Gulf Coast where demographic changes were underway in this period African Americans were still disenfranchised by the state's constitution and discriminatory practices; in the 19th century they had made up most of the Republican Party Cramer built a different Republican Party in Florida attracting local white conservatives and transplants from northern and midwestern states in 1966 Claude R Kirk Jr was elected as the first post-Reconstruction Republican governor in an upset election in 1968 Edward J Gurney also a white conservative was elected as the state's first post-reconstruction Republican US senator in 1970 Democrats took the governorship and the open US Senate seat and maintained dominance for years, Miami is the home of many college sports teams the two largest are the University of Miami Hurricanes whose football team formerly played at the Miami Orange Bowl from 1937 until 2008 moving to Sun Life Stadium subsequently and Florida International University Panthers whose football team plays at FIU Stadium, The Miami area has a large Jewish community; 10.2% of the population was Jewish in the 2000 Census.[citation needed] There is also a sizable Muslim community numbering 70,000. Tamiami Miami has one of the largest television markets in the nation and the second largest in the state of Florida Miami has several major newspapers the main and largest newspaper being the Miami Herald El Nuevo Herald is the major and largest Spanish-language newspaper the Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald are Miami's and South Florida's main major and largest newspapers the papers left their longtime home in downtown Miami in 2013 the newspapers are now headquartered at the former home of U.S Southern Command in Doral. Types of operations The first post-Reconstruction era Republican elected to Congress from Florida was William C Cramer in 1954 from Pinellas County on the Gulf Coast where demographic changes were underway in this period African Americans were still disenfranchised by the state's constitution and discriminatory practices; in the 19th century they had made up most of the Republican Party Cramer built a different Republican Party in Florida attracting local white conservatives and transplants from northern and midwestern states in 1966 Claude R Kirk Jr was elected as the first post-Reconstruction Republican governor in an upset election in 1968 Edward J Gurney also a white conservative was elected as the state's first post-reconstruction Republican US senator in 1970 Democrats took the governorship and the open US Senate seat and maintained dominance for years, T.Y Hilton 2000 U.S Census, Bayfront Park is Downtown's largest and most visited park. WNBA Basketball player See also: List of newspapers in Florida List of radio stations in Florida and List of television stations in Florida, Airport interchange Airport connector, Bayfront Park The area was affected by the Second Seminole War where Major William S Harney led several raids against the Indians Fort Dallas was located on Fitzpatrick's plantation on the north bank of the river Most of the non-Indian population consisted of soldiers stationed at Fort Dallas the Seminole War was the most devastating Indian war in American history,[citation needed] causing almost a total loss of native population in the Miami area the Cape Florida lighthouse was burned by Seminoles in 1836 and was not repaired until 1846. . In 1975 the bay was designated as a state aquatic preserve the aquatic preserve spans the entirety of Biscayne Bay from Oleta River in the north to Card Sound in the south with the exception of the central part of the bay which is Biscayne National Park a second preserve was soon added off of Cape Florida on Key Biscayne which became known as the Cape Florida to Monroe County Line Preserve These two preserves are now managed by the state of Florida under the Biscayne Bay Aquatic Preserves Seven remaining houses of Biscayne Bay's Stiltsville settlement are now within the boundaries of this National Park which was established in 1980 Much of Biscayne National Park was designated as a National Monument in 1967 Barnes Sound lies within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in regards to wildlife bottlenose dolphins and Florida manatees can be observed in the bay. .

- Foreign language requirement Main article: Media in Miami Biscayne Park 5.4 Dialect In Miami-Dade County and Broward County and areas nearby a unique dialect commonly called the "Miami dialect" is widely spoken the dialect developed among second- or third-generation Hispanics including Cuban-Americans whose first language was English (though some non-Hispanic white black and other races who were born and raised in Miami-Dade tend to adopt it as well.) It is based on a fairly standard American accent but with some changes very similar to dialects in the Mid-Atlantic (especially the New York area dialect Northern New Jersey English and New York Latino English.) Unlike Virginia Piedmont Coastal Southern American and Northeast American dialects and Florida Cracker dialect (see section below) "Miami accent" is rhotic; it also incorporates a rhythm and pronunciation heavily influenced by Spanish (wherein rhythm is syllable-timed) However this is a native dialect of English not learner English or interlanguage; it is possible to differentiate this variety from an interlanguage spoken by second-language speakers in that "Miami accent" does not generally display the following features: there is no addition of /?/ before initial consonant clusters with /s/ speakers do not confuse of /d?/ with /j/ (e.g Yale with jail) and /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced as alveolar approximant [?] instead of alveolar tap [?] or alveolar trill [r] in Spanish! Israel Israel (Consulate-General of Israel to Florida & Puerto Rico) President Tenure The racial makeup of the population of the Miami area [6,066,387] as of 2016:. Main article: List of Florida International University people Japan Japan 1840 54,477 56.9% As of 2010 the population of Downtown Miami was 65,696 people with a population density of 27,487 per square mile in the 2010 US Census the racial makeup of Downtown was 57.6% Hispanic of any race 30.8% White (non-Hispanic) 7.2% Black and 2.9% Asian the zip codes for Brickell include 33129 33130 and 33131 the area covers 1.084 square miles (2.81 km2).